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成考高起点英语虚拟语气误用辨析

2015-07-21 03:32:45http://www.jlcrgkw.cn吉林省成人高考网

1.中文:我要是你,我不会那么做。

(误)I shouldn’t do that if I was you.

(正)I shouldn’t do that if I were you.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气不能用was,只能用were.)

2.中文:要是我父亲现在在这里,他会告诉我该做什么。

(误)If my father were here now, he will tell me what to do.

(正)If my father were here now, he would tell me what to do.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中,主句的助动词只能用would,might等过去时。)

3.中文:要是我知道她的电话号码,我就会给她打电话了。

(误)If I knew her telephone number, I would have called her.

(正)If I had known her telephone number, I would have called her.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词要用过去完成时。)

4.中文:要是昨天没下雨她也许会来。

(误)If it had not rained yesterday, he might come.

(正)If it had not rained yesterday, he might have come.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中,主句的动词要用助动词的过去时might,could等+HAVE+过去分词。)

5.中文:我不认为我会失败,但要是我失败了,我会再努力。

(误)I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I failed, I would try again.

(正)I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail, I would try again.(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词用should加原形动词。)

6.中文:他要是带了钱就会买它。

(误)Did he bring some money with him, he would have bought it.

(正)Had he brought some money with him, he would have bought it.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词要用过去完成时,若省略if,则用倒装形式。)

7.中文:她要是个男人可能会当选总统。

(误)Be she a man, she might be elected president.

(正)Were she a man, she might be elected president.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,不能用was,只能用were;若省略if,则将were放在句首。)

8.中文:我提议提高教师的薪资。

(误)I suggested that the teachers’ wages could be increased.

(正)I suggested that the teachers’ wages should be increased.(suggest当建议讲时,后面的名词从句的主要动词要用should加原形动词,should可以省略。)

9.中文:他这么做是重要的。

(误)It is important that he will do it.

(正)It is important that he do it.(It is important+that引导的名词从句的动词要用should加原形动词,should可以省略。)

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